Beautiful town in chinaChongqing Wujiang Gongtan Tourist ResortEnglish
Gongtan Scenic Spot is located at the intersection of Wujiang River and Apeng River, facing Yanhe County of Guizhou Province across the river. It is the starting point of Wujiang Hundred Li Gallery in Youyang. It has been a famous cargo transfer station in the Wujiang River basin and even the Yangtze River basin since ancient times.
Historical Development:
Han Fu County, Shu Han of The Three Kingdoms, is a Fuling county. It was abolished in the late Western Jin Dynasty. It is located in Youyang County, Gongtan Town.
619 Tang Wude three years analysis of Pengshui, Shicheng two counties, the ground set (Hongdu County), a Qianzhou.
In 622, the second year of Tang Wude, Hongdu County was set in Gongtuan, which is now Gongtan.
In 629, Zhenguan moved north to Hongdu Creek in the third year.
In 665, Linde two years moved to Gongtan, which is now Gongtan town.
In 1063, the village was abandoned in the eighth year of Song Jiayou.
In 1573, in the first year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Fenghuang Mountain rockfall and boulders blocked the river, which naturally formed the upper and lower wharves. Gongtan gradually developed to trade local products by virtue of the advantages of water and land border villages, relying on commercial transportation for survival.
During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, Gongtan was also an important supply point for the water route of Huguang reclamation in Sichuan.
After the restoration in 1735, the commercial market centered on Gongtan gradually improved and flourished.
In 1736 Qing Qianlong first year, you Yang changed Zhili state, Gongtan inspection division.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Gongtan was divided into counties (Gongtan County Zuo).
During the period of the Republic of China, the economy and culture of Gongtan gradually prospered, becoming a famous oil, salt, mountain goods line.
On September 24, 1949, Gongtan was liberated and the district political power was established. In the same year, the Federation of Industry and Commerce was established.
In 1949, the people's government of the fourth district of Youyang County was founded, during which the Wujiang waterway was renovated three times.
In 1959, after waterway renovation, the treacherous shoals were leveled. Although the shoals were no longer moved and translocated, Gongtan was still an important traffic port for the economy and culture of Sichuan and Guizhou.
In July 2004, the Pengshui POWER STATION PROJECT of Wujiang River was reviewed and approved by the Premier's Meeting of The State Council. The construction of Pengshui power station greatly increased the water level of the Wujiang River and inundated all the historic towns of thousands of years.
In October 2005, the relocation and reconstruction of Gongtan Scenic Spot was officially launched.
In 2006, the government of Youyang County launched the protection mode of relocation of Gong Tan scenic area. According to the principle of "original ecology, original style, original material, original form, original craft and indigenous people", the town is relocated as a whole.
The relocation was completed in April 2007.
The original reconstruction was completed in April 2008.
In 2009, the relocation and reconstruction project was completed on the whole and the opening ceremony was held. The construction of Pengshui power Station in Wujiang River made the relocation of immigrants along the Wujiang River concentrated in Gongtan New Town, and the relocation houses were relatively separated from the ancient town and Youyang Highway.
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Wujiang river originated in western guizhou plateau wumeng mountain foothill (now guizhou weining yi hui miao nationality autonomous county), the total length of 1037 km, the basin area of 8.792 square kilometers, is the largest tributaries upstream on the Yangtze river, the guizhou thinks the wood township, along the river into chongqing YouYang County Gong Tan scenic area, by the chongqing peng, wulong, fuling into the Yangtze river. Among them, the Youyang section of Wujiang (from Wanmu Township to Gong Tan scenic spot in Youyang County) is more than 70 kilometers long, with a charming natural landscape of "mountains like splitting, water like jade, Qiu zhi hovering, and water birds flying". It is known as "a hundred miles gallery of the Wujiang River". The Qing Dynasty poet Weng Rumei praised: "The landscape in Sichuan is strange, so you should promote it first."
Youyang Wujiang Hundred Li Gallery scenic area is a total of five gorges: Gongtan Gorge, Tutuo Gorge, Bletilla tilla Gorge, Lizhi Gorge, Ax Split Gorge. Within the gorge, there are beautiful mountains and waters, strange rocks, strange peaks and green peaks, and magical karst caves. It is praised as "Wujiang Gorge, Hundred-mile Gallery". Youyang Wujiang Hundred Mile Gallery, featuring strange mountains, strange rocks, clear water, treacherous beaches, ancient towns, corridor Bridges and towpaths, was rated as a municipal scenic spot by Chongqing Municipality in 2002.
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Apeng river originates in lichuan city, hubei province MaoBa Township, its biggest magic lies in the flow of rare from east to west (most of the world's rivers flow from west to east), has entered the chongqing qianjiang hubei enshi, xianfeng, the unitary, the town of Yang CangLing in Gong Tan scenic spot into the wujiang river, the total length of 249 km, YouYang County is within the territory of 70 kilometers, is the most beautiful place of apeng river.
Apong: Tujia language, meaning magnificent, beautiful. The magnificence of the Apeng River is manifested in its deep canyons, picturesque cliffs and rapids. The beauty of the Apeng River is reflected in the lush forests and bamboo cultivation on both sides of the banks, the jade green river water, and the waterfalls winding around the mountains. The national first-class protected plant, Chinese mosquito mother, is concentrated on both sides of the river, which shows that the ecological protection of the Apeng River Valley is so intact. The original Grand Canyon of Apeng River is like a girl hiding in a boudoir, beautiful and gentle, looking forward to people to find her beauty!
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Situated in Ancheng Village, Gongtan Town, Youyang County, Ma 'an City stands 1,200 meters above sea level behind the ancient town of Gong Tan on the east bank of Wuyang River, guarding its people from generation to generation. The mountain is shaped like a saddle, so it is named "Saddle City". It is the commanding point in the surrounding area of Gongtan, and the surrounding mountains completely maintain the characteristics of karst landform. A bird 's-eye view of the mountain gives you a panoramic view of the whole town and the beautiful landscape. According to the Annals of Youyang State, "Two hundred miles to the west of the state, north of Gongtan, Shanjiao has double peaks, which look like a saddle from afar, so it is called Saddle City." This hill like saddle, why not call it Ma Anshan mountain, and call it saddle city?
Chengzhi, that is, the high wall around the city, originally, this Shandong, south, west three sides are cut walls, at the foot of the Apeng River, Wujiang around. Only the north side is relatively flat, although there are paths to the west, but also steep wall difficult to travel, like the Jincheng Tangchi solid. So it is called "Saddle City". There is abundant water and grass in Maan City, which is suitable for forest and grazing. However, the mountains and steep cliffs make it easy to defend and difficult to attack. It has always been a place for soldiers to fight, so there is a saying that the city is surrounded by iron. The late Qing Dynasty Gongtan poet Luo Huizhen had the title saddle city seven absolute cloud: return to Qingtian, Wanhe Qianyan fundus before. Several times are overlooking the railing, the gulf water delimits Sichuan and Guizhou.
According to historical records, in the third year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1129 AD), Jin Kui (commonly known as Jintou Monk) of the Miao people took Tiewai City as a stronghold and led his people to revolt. Up to now, there are still war ruins on the top of the mountain of Ma 'an City.
Saddle is a mysterious quality of well-preserved city of cliff stone carvings, hiking in the mountains around, can be seen in more than 20 moya carved stone, stone carvings of some long time could not see the content, some main form from light until qing dynasty qianlong carved stone, the main content of the record is the ancients to swim here, the left about travel comprehension (mainly poetry).
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The thousand-year golden silk Nanmu group of Liang4 Y Township is located in Nanmu Bay of Neikou Village of the township. It is understood that nanmu is a national second-class protected plant, "Cihai" records: Nanmu, evergreen broad-leaved trees, is cinnamomaceae in the genus Nan, produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Zhejiang and other places. Because its material is hard and heavy, color orange yellow, texture quietly elegant and quiet, texture warm and soft, luster like silk and satin, shrinkage is small, there are bursts of fragrance, water is not immersed, mosquitoes are not holes, after thousands of years not rot immortal, enduring. Therefore, Nanmu was the first choice for the construction of imperial palaces in the past dynasties, so it was known as "the king of wood", "national wood" and "Gongmu". "Natural History Overview" said: "there are no three kinds of Nan, a Yue Xiangnan, two Yue Jinsi Nan, three Yue Shui Nan. The gold wire out of the stream, the wood grain has the gold wire, to the bright, shining lovely, Nanmu to the United States."
Nanmu prefers neutral or slightly acidic alluvial soil with good drainage. It is a neutral shade tree, distributed in humid valleys, valleys and river channels. It grows very slowly and rarely. Since ancient times, the Apeng River basin was also known as the "hometown of Nanmu" for its developed water transportation and rich nanmu. "Ming History? Sichuan Chieftain Biography" clearly recorded: "(Zhengde) eight years, (Youyang) proclaimed Ran Yuanxian Damu 20, begged to avoid the male Weihan attack office to Beijing, from it. Twenty years, Yuan again offered big wood 20, and the amount of reward for color. In the 17th year of Wanli, Ran Weiping was proclaimed by (Youyang) and offered damu 20, which cost more than 3,000 yuan. Ministry OF WORK, SHOULD BE added from the three service, that the land official sincere advice, from it." It is said that not half of the Nan that Ran chieftain paid tribute to the court came from Nanmu Bay in Youyang, and there was another Nanmu ferry in Xiazu Lake near Apeng River. It was said that "Gongmu" entered Apeng River and Huiwu River through this ferry, and reached Beijing via the Yangtze River and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.
Up to now, there are more than 1,000 Nanmu trees in a one-kilometer radius of Nanmu Bay, among which more than 20 Nanmu trees are more than 2 meters in diameter. In particular, the remaining eight ancient nanmu trees are more than 50 meters high, and their crowns cover an area of about 500 square meters each, with an overall area of 4,000 square meters. The largest tree trunk needs at least 8 adults, the age of the tree is more than 1300 years, very rare in the country, is identified by forestry experts as the world's largest millennium-old Nanmu group.
The magical story of eight ancient golden Nanmu trees in Nanmu Bay
1. "Baoye Tree" : The so-called "Baoye tree" originated from the common name in rural areas, which refers to the godfather who is respected and has the intention of taking his protection. Which children such as "disappointing" (sick) disasters, parents and children will take incense paper money, to "bao ye worship offering, adults and children on their knees to (if the child is too small, the elders hold generation knelt kowtow) devoutly to kowtow" ye ", so the child adoption to "ye" of dry dry female, some also with red cloth to write the name of the child, They were burned together in front of the "Baoye" as a sign of piety, and asked for his protection from disease. Legend has it that at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, famine and war continued to make people miserable. There was a child on the stockade who was three years old and did not speak. Later, his parents adopted him to the tree and dried him. The next day, the child spoke. This kind of ancient trees as "daddy" folk custom, from another point of view is also a kind of "claim" ancient tree protection custom. This tree has a diameter of 1.58 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
2. "Door God Tree" : According to legend, when the Ran clan lived at this time, there were two trees of the same shape and size, which were separated on both sides of this empty space. They were like "door God" in shape, so they were called "door God Tree", with the intention of protecting the villagers and warding off disasters for them. The people on the stockade production work, in and out of the two big trees from the middle of the summer, shady trees, trees are under the villagers are cool place to talk. For hundreds of years, the people in the stockade have worshipped this tree as the "door god", so that the people in the stockade can be happy and safe, and also see the magic of this tree. This tree has a diameter of 1.39 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
3. "Husband and Wife Tree" : Also known as "marriage tree" or "life and death tree", the left is "husband", the right is "wife". It is said that at that time, the chieftain of Ranshi fell in love with a beautiful Tujia girl in the village, and this Tujia girl had already fallen in love with a man in the village. Later, the chieftain sent someone to force him to marry her, but the girl refused to accept it, even sacrificing herself in love. The man was heartbroken and followed. Later generations were moved by its sincere feelings, the two people buried next to the tree, there is "in the day into a pair of birds, in the ground into the meaning of", so called "Lian Lian tree", "husband and wife tree". From generation to generation, men and women on the stockade before marriage to come to this tree sincerely worship offerings, can be a hundred years of good marriage, life and death; As long as the conflicted couples go to the "husband and wife tree" to burn joss paper, they can also resolve the conflict and live a happy life! This tree has a diameter of 1.41 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
4. "Longevity tree" : Wanli twenty-six years, Yongshun Si Peng in order to help his nephew Ran Yinglong to win the division, lead soldiers and Ran Yu long fight, triggered the battle of Youyang Ran and Yongshun Peng's tusi, so Ran's "secret conscription". It is said that the husband of a farmer who lived near this tree was also conscripted to fight, but he was not heard from after he left, and the infatuation of the farmer sat in this tree every day waiting for the return of her husband, with the tree until its death, a total of 109 years. Moved by her behavior, later generations named her "Lady of Watch". But this tree is old, although the sky is everywhere, but still firm and resolute stand, also has the meaning of "longevity", so it is also called "longevity tree". The old people on the stockade come to worship in front of the tree whenever they are 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 years old. Up to now, there are still 4 people over 100 years old, 7 people between 90 and 100 years old, 16 people between 80 and 90 years old, and 21 people between 70 and 80 years old on the stockade. It can be said that the village is worthy of the name of longevity. Many people still come to the tree to worship for a long life. This tree is known as the "King of China's golden Nanmu", with a diameter of 4.85 meters at breast height and a tree age of more than 1,300 years.
5. "Peace Tree" : According to the Annals of Tuguan in Ming History, "In the 46th year of Wanli, four thousand soldiers were transferred to Youyang Prefecture, and Ran Yuelong was ordered to help Liao. In forty-seven years, Yue Long sent his sons Tian Yin and Wen Guang to Liaoyang and stationed them at Hupi and Huangshan for three years to relieve the siege of Fengji." It is said that when Ran Tianyin and Ran Wenguang were passing by here with their troops to help Liao, they saw this tree with its roots tangled on top of the huge stone, and its root system was very developed. Although it grew on the edge of the cliff, it still stood upright. So they paid homage at the foot of the tree and said to the general along with them, "It is an evergreen tree, so we must help us come back triumphantly." Subsequently, two people in tiger skin, Huangshan and other places for three years, the solution of Fengji siege. In the first year of the apocalypse, the court in order to thank the unitary Yang Xuanfu department's contribution, "Grant Yue Long Xuanwei envoy, and his wife Shu Shi, all give mandate". Later, this tree means experiencing thousands of risks and difficulties can eventually become successful, prosperous and safe. This tree has a diameter of 1.21 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
6. The "child tree". According to legend, in ancient times, there was a wealthy salt merchant named Ran. Although he had many wives and concubines at home, he was still childless and unhappy all the time. One day, he and his family went out to inspect the salt road through this place, and saw the green tree here, so he rested under the tree. The fatigue of the journey and the lack of strength of his old age made him drowsy. In his dream, a sage said to him in a dream, as long as you take out half of the family property, on the hill to build a temple, worship Bodhisattva, sincere worship, will be able to achieve. When the salt merchant woke up, he quickly ordered his family to do as he had been told in his dream. Half a year later, the temple was built and named "Fuxi Temple". The temple was worshiped with devotion. On the third day of March every year, people came to worship in an endless stream, looking forward to "Guanyin send son". It is also known that there is indeed a "Fuxi Temple" in the third group of Neikou Village. This tree has a diameter of 1.05 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
7. The "Money Tree". According to historical records, because of the construction of the palace, the Ming Dynasty Yongle to Wanli years had occurred three large-scale cutting nanmu, all over the country from streams, rivers near the easy to move nanmu has been cut almost. In order to protect the ancient tree, the people on the stockade gathered under the tree to discuss. An old man came up with the idea of smelting the gold and silver in the stockade into "nails" and driving them into the breast of the tree. After many years, the wounds in the teeth of these "spikes" healed, and outsiders could not see the secret. When the tree cutter came to cut wood, the axe hit the teeth of the rake, sparks flew, and the axe was broken. The official thought that the tree was protected by the gods, and never came here to cut wood again. Therefore, this tree is also called "rich tree" or "Jucai tree", which means it can make money and treasure, and also indirectly protects this ancient tree through this "cruel" way of protecting the tree. Later, whenever business people pass by, they will come to this tree to worship, hoping to accumulate wealth into treasure, wealth and prosperity. This tree has a diameter of 1.48 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
8. "No.1 Tree". According to legend, there was a scholar named Ran Maobin in the village. In 1867, in the sixth year of Tongzhi reign, he was selected as a Juren in the township examination. After that, he was admitted to Beijing twice, but failed to achieve his goal. One year, when others copied his articles but succeeded in winning the Jinshi, he was so angry that he left home. Later, another examinee passing by took a rest under the tree and accidentally found the words "Ran can't, learn to be a first, Ran Maobin" on the trunk. After many inquiries, he was informed that although he was familiar with the books of sages and had some literary talents, he often suffered from the family influence in the village, and eventually had no fame. After leaving, he became a monk in Fuxi Temple, which is not far from here. He immersed himself in Buddhism and finally had an Epiphany. Several years later, he returned to the stockade and quietly left this inscription on the tree trunk to warn future generations to learn how to be a good man first. This passing examinee after such a reminder, Epiphany, later not only the top high school scorer, but also become a local official to benefit the party. Up to now, there are still many "men of merit" or "scholars" who visit this tree, not only seeking to make achievements in their studies, but also to be able to "learn to be a person". According to statistics, the Zhaizi a total of 14 graduates or students in key universities. This tree has a diameter of 1.51 meters at breast height and is more than 1000 years old.
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